The electronic pdf versions of the documents found through http://www.dnv.com/ are the officially binding versions. Copyright Det Norske Veritas.
![[Table of Contents]](/dwicons/b_toc.gif)
|
DNV-OS-A101 Safety Principles and Arrangements
|
SECTION 6
Escape and CommunicationSec.6
A. General
Sec.6
A 100 Objectives
Sec.6 A
101 The design of the unit or installation shall include adequate
and effective facilities for safe and controlled emergency response
during defined accidental events. This includes:
| — | routes which allow personnel
to escape from the immediate effects of a hazardous event to a place
of temporary refuge |
| — | provision of temporary refuge for the time required
for incident assessment and controlled evacuation |
| — | rescue of injured personnel |
| — | safe evacuation of the unit or installation. |
Sec.6
A 200 Application
Sec.6 A
201 Requirements for emergency response strategy, rescue and evacuation
means and safety equipment are not included in this standard. Relevant
flag state requirements for flagged units and/or coastal
state requirements shall be applied.
Sec.6 A
202 The provisions of this section are provided as minimum requirements,
and should be supplemented where appropriate, on the basis of an
overall safety evaluation.Sec.6
B. Escape Routes
Sec.6
B 100 Principles
Sec.6 B
101 Safe, direct and unobstructed exits, access, and escape routes
shall be provided from all normally manned areas of the unit or
installation to temporary refuge, muster areas and embarkation or
evacuation points.
Sec.6 B
102 All regularly manned areas shall be provided with at least
two exits and escape routes, separated as widely as practicable
such that at least one exit and the connected escape route will
be passable during an accidental event. Escape routes shall normally
be provided on both sides of the unit or installation.Guidance note:
Dedicated escape routes need not necessarily apply to very
infrequently manned areas, e.g. which are subject to structural
inspection only, where suitable arrangements can be made with temporary
access facilities (e.g. scaffolding etc.).
Single exits may be acceptable from small access platforms,
rooms and cabins with low vulnerability to the location or room
or the exit area.---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Sec.6
B 200 Sizing
Sec.6 B
201 Escape routes shall be of suitable size to enable quick and
efficient movement of the maximum number of personnel who may require
to use them, and for easy manoeuvring of fire-fighting equipment
and use of stretchers.Guidance note:
Typical values for width of escape routes would be 1m for
main escape routes and 0.7m for secondary escape routes, with consideration
given to areas for manoeuvring a stretcher.---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Sec.6
B 300 Walkways, stairs, ladders and lifts
Sec.6 B
301 Any necessary changes in elevation along escape routes shall
be by stairs. Ladders may only be accepted where it is clearly not
practicable to install stairs, and only for use by a very limited
number of personnel in an emergency.
Sec.6 B
302 Lifts shall not be considered as an emergency means of escape.
Sec.6 B
303 All escape route doors shall be readily operable in the main
direction of escape and shall not be a hazard to personnel using
the escape route outside. Doors from cabins and small offices are
excluded from this requirement. Dead end corridors greater than
7 m in length shall be avoided.
Sec.6 B
304 The surfaces of decks, walkways, platforms, stairs and ladder
rungs etc. shall be non-slip, and designed for drainage and easy
cleaning of contaminants like mud and oil, where relevant.Sec.6
B 400 Escape from machinery spaces category
A
Sec.6 B
401 Two means of escape shall be provided from every machinery
space of category A.
Sec.6 B
402 Where the machinery space is below open deck level the means
of escape shall be according to the following:- Two sets of steel ladders separated
as widely as possible, leading to similarly separated doors in the
upper part of the space, which give access to the open deck. One
of these ladders shall normally provide continuous fire shelter
from the lower part of the space to a safe position outside the
space. Fire shelter shall be of suitably insulated steel, with a
self-closing door at the lower end.
- One steel ladder leading to a door in the upper part
of the machinery space which gives access to the open deck, and
additionally, a steel door located in a lower part of the machinery
space and separated from the ladder. The lower door shall be operable
from both sides and shall lead to a safe escape route from the lower part
of the space to the open deck.
Guidance note:
The number of means of escape may be reduced based on a consideration
of the nature and use of the space and the normal level of manning
within the space. (ref MODU Code 9.3.2).---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Sec.6
B 500 Railings and barriers
Sec.6 B
501 Railings and other barriers shall be designed with sufficient
strength, height and arrangement such that personnel are protected
from falling either overboard or more than 0.8 m to a lower deck
level.Sec.6
C. Muster Areas
Sec.6
C 100 All muster areas
Sec.6 C
101 Easily accessible muster areas shall be clearly defined on
the unit or installation. All muster areas shall be located with
direct and ready access to survival craft or other life-saving appliances.
Sec.6 C
102 All muster areas shall be suitably sized to enable efficient
accounting of personnel and donning of personal protective equipment.
Areas shall be suitably arranged to enable movement of stretchers.
Sec.6 C
103 Muster areas shall be provided with suitable protection and
facilities, including lighting and communications, for use in identified
accidental events.Sec.6
D. Emergency Lighting
Sec.6
D 100 Specific requirements
Sec.6 D
101 All manned areas on the unit or installation shall be equipped
with emergency lighting, which is supplied from the emergency source
of power. The illumination level shall be sufficient to ensure that
necessary emergency response actions, including reading of signs
and layouts, can take place efficiently.
Sec.6 D
102 Escape routes, access routes and exit points shall be marked
and illuminated so they are readily identifiable in an emergency.
Sec.6 D
103 Muster areas, embarkation areas, launching arrangements and
the sea below life saving appliances shall be adequately illuminated
by emergency lighting.Sec.6
E. Marking and Warning Signboards
Sec.6
E 100 General
Sec.6 E
101 Signs and marking shall be provided along escape routes, showing
exit points and the direction to muster areas, embarkation areas
and means of escape to sea. Signs shall be provided in sufficient
numbers to be visible from any regularly manned area on the unit
or installation.
Sec.6 E
102 Main escape routes shall be marked or painted to make them
conspicuous and avoid blockage by portable equipment and supplies.
Sec.6 E
103 Fire fighting equipment shall be marked as required in DNV-OS-D301.Sec.6
E 200 Marking of unit or installation
and helicopter deck
Sec.6 E
201 The name of the unit or installation shall be marked on all
sides and shall be easily visible in daylight and at night.
Sec.6 E
202 Marking of the unit or installation shall be in accordance
with relevant national and international regulations. The requirements
of the International Regulations for Preventing of Collision at
Sea (COLREG) apply to navigation lights and sound signals for mobile
units in transit.
Sec.6 E
203 Helicopter decks and obstructions to helicopter operations
shall be illuminated and marked in accordance with relevant national
or international regulations. The standards issued by International
Civil Aviation Organisation shall apply where other, specific requirements
have not been agreed.Sec.6
E 300 Safety plans and warning signboards
Sec.6 E
301 Orientation and safety plans shall be strategically located
at major circulation points on the unit or installation (e.g. near
the main stairways). The safety plans shall contain the following
information:| — | plan view of each level of the
unit or installation |
| — | escape routes and muster areas |
| — | embarkation areas and means of evacuation |
| — | means of escape, life rafts, ladders etc. |
| — | location or personal protective equipment |
| — | location of push-buttons for alarm and shutdown. |
Sec.6 E
302 Areas for storage of flammable, radioactive, explosive or
otherwise hazardous substances shall be marked with appropriate
warning signboards.
Sec.6 E
303 Entrances to enclosed spaces where there is a danger of asphyxiating
or toxic atmosphere shall be marked with appropriate warning signs.
Sec.6 E
304 Self-closing doors between areas with different area classification
shall be fitted with signboards. See IEC 61892-7, paragraph 4.6.4
for details.
Sec.6 E
305 Warning signboards shall be fitted at openings direct to sea.Sec.6
F. Communications and Alarms
Sec.6
F 100 Objectives
Sec.6 F
101 Communication and alarm systems shall be provided to alert
all personnel on board, at any location, of an emergency. The systems
shall be suitable to provide instructions for emergency response.Sec.6
F 200 Definitions
Sec.6 F
201 An alarm system comprises:| — | manual alarm input devices |
| — | input lines from detector and shutdown systems |
| — | alarm central unit receiving and evaluating input signals
and creating output signals to alarm sounding devices |
| — | alarm sounding devices such as bells, flashing lights
and/or loudspeakers |
| — | power supply. |
Sec.6
F 300 General requirements
Sec.6 F
301 These requirements are in addition to the internal communication
system requirements found in the applicable statutory regulations.| — | The two way voice communication extensions at
control stations and the navigation bridge shall have priority. |
| — | The required internal communication systems shall be
capable of being supplied from the emergency source of power, for
a period of at least 18 hours. |
| — | The two-way voice communication
system shall be supplied by a battery or an uninterruptible power supply
as a stand-by power supply sufficient to operate the system for
at least 30 minutes. |
Sec.6 F
302 Alarms initiated from the following systems shall be provided
where relevant:| — | general emergency (ESD) or muster |
| — | fire detection |
| — | hydrocarbon gas detection |
| — | toxic gas (e.g. Hydrogen sulphide) detection |
| — | fire extinguishing medium release (CO2 or other gases with lethal
concentrations) |
| — | power-operated watertight door closing |
| — | machinery fault detection. |
Sec.6 F
303 All alarms shall be indicated visually and audibly in the
control centre.
Sec.6 F
304 An alarm philosophy shall be established ensuring that the
alarms are simple and unambiguous. The philosophy shall define which
alarms are broadcast to the entire unit or installation and whether
this should occur automatically or not.
Sec.6 F
305 The unit or installation shall be equipped with a public address
system. The alarm system may be combined with the public address
system, provided that:| — | alarms automatically override
any other input |
| — | volume controls are automatically set for alarm sounding |
| — | all parts of the public address system (e.g. amplifiers,
signal cables and loudspeakers) are made redundant |
| — | redundant parts are located or routed separately |
| — | all loudspeakers are protected with fuses against short
circuits. |
Sec.6 F
306 The number of alarms during abnormal conditions shall be assessed
and reduced as far as practicable by alarm processing/suppression
techniques in order to have operator attention on the most critical
alarms that require operator action.
Sec.6 F
307 The alarms shall be clearly audible at all locations on the
unit or installation, and shall be easily distinguishable. If noise
in an area prevents the audible alarm being heard a visible means
of alarm shall be provided.Guidance note:
See IMO Resolution A.830(19) Code
on Alarms and Indicators, 1995 for details on priorities,
grouping, locations and types, including colours, symbols etc.
National authorities may have specific requirements deviating
from the IMO Resolution. These will normally be acceptable for classification
purposes.---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Sec.6 F
308 Alarm to areas which are not regularly manned (e.g. cofferdams,
tanks) may be covered by procedural precautions, e.g. using portable
radios.
Sec.6 F
309 Activation of the general alarm shall be possible from the
main control stations, including navigation bridge and radio room.
Sec.6 F
310 In addition to the alarm systems, a two-way communication
system shall be provided for transmittal of alarm, instructions
and information between those who may require them.
Sec.6 F
311 The alarm and communication system shall be powered from the
main power system and from a monitored Uninterruptible Power Supply
(UPS) capable of at least 1 (one) hour continuous operation on loss of
main power. The UPS shall be powered from both the main and the
emergency power system.
Sec.6 F
312 Requirements for alarms in connection with watertight doors
and release of hazardous fire extinguishing medium are given in
DNV-OS-C301 and DNV-OS-D301.
Sec.6 F
313 The alarm system shall be regularly tested.
![[-]](/dwicons/i_colpse.gif)