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DNV-OSS-301 Certification and Verification of Pipelines
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SECTION 1
GeneralSec.1
A. General
Sec.1
A 100 Introduction
Sec.1 A
101 This Offshore Service Specification (OSS) gives criteria for
and guidance on certification of complete pipeline systems and verification
of the integrity of parts or phases of pipeline systems.Sec.1
A 200 Objectives
Sec.1 A
201 The objectives of this document are to:
| — | describe DNV's certification
and verification services for pipeline systems |
| — | provide guidance for owners and other parties for the
selection of the level of involvement of those carrying out the
certification and verification activities |
| — | provide a common communication platform for describing
extent of verification activities. |
Sec.1
A 300 Scope of application for certification
Sec.1 A
301 This Offshore Service Specification applies to certification
and verification during the design, construction and operation of
pipeline systems.
Sec.1 A
302 This OSS describes the necessary activities to be carried out
to obtain an initial DNV pipeline system certificate of conformity
and how to maintain this certificate.
Sec.1 A
303 Statutory certification of pipeline systems to the requirements
of National Authorities is not included specifically in the scope
of application of this OSS. Such certification shall be governed
by the regulations of the appointing authority. However, if detailed
procedures are not given by these authorities, this OSS will be
used by DNV as a guideline for its work.
Sec.1 A
304 The primary scope of the certification work is the verification
of the integrity of the pipeline, or its capacity to contain the
contents under the specified conditions. Other aspects, such as
the verification of the environmental impact of the pipeline system,
or its fitness for purpose with respect to flow capacity and flow
assurance, may be included in DNV's scope of work, if desired
by the client.Sec.1
A 400 Scope of application for verification
Sec.1 A
401 This OSS may be adopted for the verification of parts of a
pipeline system or selected project phases.
Sec.1 A
402 This OSS describes the principle of a levelled verification
involvement, which easily can be used in communications about the
extent and scope of verification activities that are not part of
a scheme for pipeline certification.
Sec.1 A
403 This principle applies both to internal company verification
(second party) as well as any obligations of licensees' for external
verification (third party) in waters where this is applicable.
Sec.1 A
404 Guidance note:
The essential difference between the terms Certification and
Verification is that Certification is used only where DNV's
scope covers the integrity of the entire pipeline system and results
in the issue of a DNV pipeline certificate
While Verification is used where DNV's scope applies
to the verification of only a single (or more) phase of the project,
for example, verification of the design but not of construction, installation
or testing. Verification results in the issue of a DNV statement
of compliance.---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Sec.1
A 500 Structure of this document
Sec.1 A
501 This document consist of three sections and five appendices:| Section
1 | | gives the general scope of the document, informative background
information, definitions and references. |
| Section
2 | | explains the principles of DNV pipeline system certification
with its risk-differentiated levels of involvement, and how to define
the level of involvement for a particular project. |
| Section
3 | | describes the certification
process and the activities for each of the project phases. Furthermore, it
describes the documents issued during and as a result of the certification
process. The use of quality management systems is addressed here also. |
| Appendix
A | | poses trigger questions for the selection of certification
or verification level. |
| Appendix
B | | lists the instances where DNV-OS-F101 requires acceptance
or agreement. |
| Appendix
C | | contains generic descriptions of project sub-phases. |
| Appendix
D | | gives example certification documents. |
| Appendix
E | | gives detailed scope of work tables for all phases and all
level of involvement. These tables are the basis for the development
of project specific scope of work tables. |
Sec.1
A 600 Structure of pipeline-related
documents
Sec.1 A
601 Reference is made to the foreword of this DNV-OSS. From the
structure described there, documents relating to pipeline systems
consist of a three-level hierarchy with these main features:| — | Principles and procedures related
to DNV's certification and verification
services are separate from technical requirements and
are presented in DNV Offshore Service Specifications. |
| — | Technical requirements are issued as self-contained DNV Offshore Standards. |
| — | Associated product documents are issued as DNV Recommended Practices. |
Guidance note:
Product documents issued under previous document structures may
be called "Classification Notes" or "Guidelines".---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Sec.1 A
602 This hierarchy is designed with these objectives:| — | Offshore Service Specifications
present the scope and extent of DNV's services. |
| — | Offshore Standards are issued as neutral technical standards
to enable their use by national authorities, as international codes
and as company or project specifications without reference to DNV's
services. |
| — | The Recommended Practices give DNV's interpretation of
safe engineering practice for general use by industry. |
Guidance note:
The latest revision of all DNV documents may be found in the publications
list in the DNV web site www.dnv.com.---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Sec.1
B. Background (Informative)
Sec.1
B 100 Introduction
Sec.1 B
101 Certification of pipelines has been carried out historically
with a variety of scope and depth of involvement by the certifying
body, but with the same end result - a certificate. The depth
of involvement, or level of certification, has not always been easily
detected from the certificate.
Sec.1 B
102 This document outlines different levels of certification involvement
to be selected by the owner, which will ensure that the certifier's
scope is well defined. Further, by stating this level on the certificate,
the recipients of the certificate also will be informed of the scope.Guidance note:
The purpose of the pipeline system certificate is to confirm
that the pipeline, as installed and ready for use, is in a condition
that complies with the technical requirements. It does not confirm that
the schedule or cost of the project has been according to plan.
Strictly, the certificate covers only the as-installed condition
of the pipeline and, hence, the conditions affecting this are of
particular interest. However, the certification process requires
that all the prior phases are verified and that temporary phases
are in accordance with DNV-OS-F101 and have an acceptable risk level.
Further, the certification or verification can be a fully
re-active process. This means that only the 'final steps' are
verified, without regard to the consequences of e.g. detection of
non-compliances or flaws late in the design or production processes. 'Final step' means
the final step in which a mistake or flaw affecting the pipeline
system as installed, can be detected and rectified.
A more supportive certification or verification is achieved
when the verification process is pro-active. Then the certifier
takes an active part in contributing to the achievement of the project schedule,
budget and optimum quality. Typically, this will be achieved through
an early involvement and active feedback into the project based
on DNV's extensive pipeline experience. Such early involvement
in the design or construction processes may help to ensure that
no surprises are encountered at such a late stage that it will seriously
affect the cost and / or schedule of the project.
The certification or verification will, in both of the described
scenarios, provide a Statement of Compliance at the completion of each
of the project's stages. A Certificate of Conformity will
be provided when the pipeline is ready for operation only when DNV's
scope of work is the certification of the complete pipeline project.---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Sec.1
B 200 Justifications for certification
Sec.1 B
201 Some national authorities require certification of pipeline
systems and have appointed specific organisations qualified for
this work.
Sec.1 B
202 Some of these national authorities may have detailed requirements
to the certification activity, while others leave the definition
of the necessary work up to the appointed organisation. Other national
authorities require specific documents to be verified and approved
by them, some hold the Owner responsible for the verification activities
and others again may not have any specific requirements.Guidance note:
The term statutory certification is sometimes used to distinguish certification
performed by appointment of a national authority from that performed
on the general recognition of the certifier.---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Sec.1 B
203 However, even where national authorities do not require certification
of pipeline systems, certification is a convenient tool for the
owner to get an independent verification of his contractor(s) work
or to show financiers, partners, insurers and the public that the
pipeline system complies with the relevant standard.
Sec.1 B
204 Certification of pipeline systems has the benefit of providing
the owner (and other interested parties) confidence that the:| — | pipeline system has sufficient
integrity to fulfil its specified purpose |
| — | risks to personnel associated with the pipeline system
are reduced as low as reasonably practicable. |
Sec.1 B
205 Additionally, it is good business practice to subject critical
work to a third-party check as this minimises the possibility of
errors remaining undetected. Third-party certification will ensure
that the verifier has an independent view and perspective when performing
this activity. Furthermore, it will avoid the situation where errors
could be overlooked by engineers because of their closeness to the
work with the pipeline system.
Sec.1 B
206 Certification also can be used as a part of the project risk management.
The failure of pipeline systems may expose the owner to:| — | safety risks |
| — | environmental risks |
| — | economic risks |
| — | political risks. |
Sec.1 B
207 As certification increases confidence that the pipeline complies
with the requirements placed on it by national authorities and the
owner, it follows that the risk of failure of the pipeline decreases
due to independent certification. Thus, certification contributes
to project risk management and reduction.Sec.1
C. Certification
Sec.1
C 100 Certification to DNV-OS-F101
Sec.1 C
101 The certification process described in this OSS is tailor-made
for pipeline systems in accordance with DNV-OS-F101.
Sec.1 C
102 Wherever DNV-OS-F101 refers to acceptance, agreement and qualification
this shall be by DNV. A list of these instances is provided in Appendix B.Sec.1
C 200 Certification to other standards
Sec.1 C
201 DNV certification to internationally recognised standards
other than DNV-OS-F101 shall follow the principles described in
this OSS.
Sec.1 C
202 Where combinations of standards and external criteria are
used the exact terms of reference and documents to be issued shall
be agreed at the beginning of the project and formally defined in
the contract.
Sec.1 C
203 The use of other standards does not allow for a reduction of
the quality management requirements as described in the safety philosophy
of DNV-OS-F101.
Sec.1 C
204 DNV reserves the right to call for additional requirements
to cover issues essential to the certification process and not covered
by the standards in question.
Sec.1 C
205 It is recommended strongly not to mix standards due to the
possible differences in safety philosophies.Guidance note:
Most standards are a coherent collection of requirements for
all the relevant aspects of a pipeline system. These aspects, e.g.
load and resistance, are normally among themselves adjusted to give an
overall acceptable safety level. To pick requirements from different
standards can then easily result in unpredictable (low) levels of
safety. ---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Sec.1
D. Verification
Sec.1
D 100 General
Sec.1 D
101 This OSS describes the principles of verification of the pipeline
system for all phases.
Sec.1 D
102 Applying these principles of verification for distinct smaller
or larger parts of the pipeline system or selected phases does not
result in a certificate. Therefore, instead of the name certification,
the term verification is used to describe this service.
Sec.1 D
103 Verification to DNV-OS-F101, other standards or clients' specifications
may use this OSS as a communication platform and for the preparation
of project-specific scope of work tables in the same manner as for
certification.Sec.1
E. Definitions
Sec.1
E 100 General
Sec.1 E
101 The definitions in DNV-OS-F101 section 1 C200 also apply to
this OSS.
Sec.1 E
102 The most important definitions from DNV-OS-F101 applied in
this OSS are repeated. They are marked "(DNV-OS-F101)" between
the word and its definition, ref. e.g. verification.Sec.1
E 200 Verbal forms
Sec.1 E
201 The terms will, can and may are
used when describing DNV's actions or activities, and the
terms shall, should and may are used when referring to other
parties than DNV.
Sec.1 E
202 Shall: Indicates requirements
strictly to be followed in order to conform to this OSS and from
which no deviation is permitted.
Sec.1 E
203 Should: Indicates that
among several possibilities, one is recommended as particularly
suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain
course of action is preferred but not necessarily required. Other
possibilities may be applied subject to agreement.
Sec.1 E
204 Will: Indicates a mandatory
action or activity to be undertaken by DNV. (Ref. "shall" for
other parties.)
Sec.1 E
205 Can: Indicates an action
or activity that DNV not necessarily does unless specifically requested
by the client. (Ref. "should" for other parties.)
Sec.1 E
206 May: Verbal form used
to indicate a course of action permissible within the limits of
the OSS.
Sec.1
E 300 Definitions
Sec.1 E
301 Certificate of Conformity: A
document signed by a qualified party affirming that, at the time
of assessment, the product or service met the stated requirements
(BS 4778: Part 2). Guidance note:
For this OSS, the document is a DNV Submarine Pipeline System
Certificate of Conformity and it is signed by DNV.
This OSS allows, under special agreement, the DNV Submarine Pipeline
System Certificate of Conformity to be issued with a validity period
past the date of issue.
For this OSS, a Certificate is a short document (often a single page)
stating compliance with specified requirements. The results from
associated verification shall be contained in a separate (single
or multiple volume) report.---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Sec.1 E
302 Certification: Used
in this document to mean all the activities associated with process
leading up to the Certificate.Guidance note:
In this OSS when Certification is
used it designates the overall scope of work or multiple activities
for the issue of a Certificate, whilst Verification is
also used for single activities associated with the work. This in
essence means that Certification is Verification for which the deliverable
includes the issue of a Certificate.
Other (related) definitions are:
BS 4778 Part 2. Certification: The
authoritative act of documenting compliance with requirements.
EN 45011. Certification of Conformity: Action
by a third party, demonstrating that adequate confidence is provided
that a duly identified product, process or service is in conformity
with a specific standard or other normative document
ISO 8402 1994. Verification: Confirmation
by examination and provision of objective evidence that specified
requirements have been fulfilled.---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Sec.1 E
303 Client: DNV's
contractual partner. It may be the purchaser, the owner or the contractor.
Sec.1 E
304 Construction phase (DNV-OS-F101):
All phases during construction, including fabrication, installation,
testing and commissioning, up until the installation or system is
safe and operable for intended use. In relation to pipelines, this
includes transportation, on-shore and on-barge welding, laying,
rectification, tie-in, pressure testing, commissioning and repair.
Sec.1 E
305 Design (DNV-OS-F101):
All related engineering to design the pipeline including both structural
as well as material and corrosion.
Sec.1 E
306 Design phase: An initial
pipeline phase that takes a systematic approach to the production
of specifications, drawings and other documents to ensure that the
pipeline meets specified requirements (including design reviews
to ensure that design output is verified against design input requirements).
Sec.1 E
307 DNV Submarine Pipeline System Certificate
of Conformity: see A.101.
The term 'the pipeline certificate' is used in
the text of this OSS.
Sec.1 E
308 Fabrication (DNV-OS-F101):
Activities related to the assembly of objects with a defined purpose.
In relation to pipelines, fabrication refers to e.g. risers, expansion
loops, bundles, reels, etc.
Sec.1 E
309 Hazard: A deviation
(departure from the design and operating intention) which could
cause damage, injury or other form of loss (Chemical Industries
Association HAZOP Guide).
Sec.1 E
310 HAZOP (HAZard and OPerability
study): The application of a formal systematic critical examination
to the process and engineering intentions of new or existing facilities
to assess the hazard potential of mal-operation or mal-function
of individual items of equipment and their consequential effects on
the facility as a whole (Chemical Industries Association HAZOP Guide).
Sec.1 E
311 Installation (activity)
(DNV-OS-F101): The operations related to installing the equipment,
pipeline or structure, e.g. pipeline laying, tie-in, piling of structure
etc., including final testing and preparation for operation.
Sec.1 E
312 Manufacture (DNV-OS-F101):
Making of articles or materials, often in large volumes. In relation
to pipelines, refers to activities for the production of linepipe,
anodes and other components and application of coating, performed
under contracts from one or more Contractors
Sec.1 E
313 Operations (phase): The
phase when the pipeline is being used for the purpose for which
it was designed.
Sec.1 E
314 Risk (DNV-OS-F101):
The qualitative or quantitative likelihood of an accident or unplanned
event occurring, considered in conjunction with the potential consequences
of such a failure. In quantitative terms, risk is the quantified
probability of a defined failure mode times its quantified consequence.
Sec.1 E
315 Risk Reduction Measures: Those
measures taken to reduce the risks to the operation of the pipeline
system and to the health and safety of personnel associated with
it or in its vicinity by:| — | reduction in the probability
of failure |
| — | mitigation of the consequences of failure.Guidance note:
The usual order of preference of risk reduction measures is:- Inherent safety
- Prevention
- Detection
- Control
- Mitigation
- Emergency response.
---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
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Sec.1 E
316 Safety Objectives: The
safety goals for the construction, operation and decommissioning
of the pipeline including acceptance criteria for the level of risk
acceptable to the owner.
Sec.1 E
317 Statement of Compliance: A
statement or report signed by a qualified party affirming that,
at the time of assessment, the defined pipeline phase, or collection
of activities, met the requirements stated by the owner.
Sec.1 E
318 Verification (DNV-OS-F101):
An examination to confirm that an activity, a product or a service
is in accordance with specified requirements.Guidance note:
The examination shall be based on information, which can be proved
true, based on facts obtained through observation, measurement,
test or other means.
See also Certification.---e-n-d---o-f---G-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Sec.1
F. References
Sec.1
F 100 General
Sec.1 F
101 Offshore Standard DNV-OS F-101 Submarine Pipeline Systems,
2000, Det Norske Veritas, Høvik.
Sec.1 F
102 A Guide to Hazard and Operability Studies, 1979, Chemical
Industries Association Limited, London.
Sec.1 F
103 ISO 8402 Quality - Vocabulary, 1994, International
Organization for Standardization, Geneva.
Sec.1 F
104 BS 4778 Quality Vocabulary, Part 2 Quality Concepts and Related
Definitions, 1991, British Standards Institute, London.
Sec.1 F
105 En 45011 General Criteria for Certification Bodies Operating
Product Certification, 1998, European Committee for Standardization,
Brussels
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